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Implementation shortfall · execution decision

6M Slippage: Measure Cost and Gate Execution

A hypothetical 30-tick opportunity is worth $150 per 6M contract at decision prices. Four adverse entry ticks, six adverse exit ticks and $12 in explicit costs reduce the result to $88. The market view was directionally right; 41% of the planned gross path disappeared between decision and account statement.

Decision-price path30 ticks = $150Entry shortfall4 ticks = $20Exit shortfall6 ticks = $30After $12 fees$88 net result

Name the benchmark

Slippage Is Meaningless Without a Recorded Decision Price

For this guide, implementation shortfall is the adverse difference between a recorded benchmark at the time the order decision became actionable and the actual weighted-average fill, converted to dollars. For a buy, a higher fill is adverse. For a sell, a lower fill is adverse. The current unit and tick are maintained in the canonical 6M contract guide.

(buy fill - buy decision price) ÷ 0.00001 × $5 × contractsBuy-side shortfall
(sell decision price - sell fill) ÷ 0.00001 × $5 × contractsSell-side shortfall

Price shortfall

Spread, delay and impact can overlap

A decision-midpoint-to-fill measure can already include paying the spread, quote movement during routing and market impact. Decompose those mechanisms only when synchronized quote and order data support it; do not add the same cost twice.

Explicit cost

Fees are added separately

Commissions, exchange fees, routing charges and other account debits do not appear in the futures price. Add them to price shortfall for an all-in implementation measure.

A missed limit order is not zero-cost execution.

If the market moves without a fill, the unexecuted opportunity may matter to strategy evaluation, but it is not realized P&L. Track non-fill and opportunity cost separately from the shortfall of completed trades.

Worked audit

The $88 Example Reconciles From Both Ends

Assume a long decision at 0.05540 and an intended decision-price exit at 0.05570. The buy fills at 0.05544 and the sell fills at 0.05564. One current Globex outright tick is 0.00001, worth $5 per standard 6M contract.

LinePrice or formulaTicksDollars
Decision-price entry0.05540
Actual buy fill0.055444 adverse$20 cost
Decision-price exit0.0557030 favorable from decision entry$150 gross path
Actual sell fill0.055646 adverse to exit benchmark$30 cost
Realized price path0.05564 - 0.0554420 favorable$100 gross fill-to-fill
Explicit costsHypothetical round trip$12 cost
Net result$150 - $20 - $30 - $12$88

This example is arithmetic, not a measured 6M average. It establishes the ledger fields and two reconciliation paths: decision-path gross minus shortfall and fees, or actual fill-to-fill gross minus fees.

Evidence required

A Candle Cannot Explain an Execution

Bar data may show that a price traded somewhere during an interval, but it cannot reconstruct the order's place in the queue, the spread at decision time or which levels were consumed. A useful execution record needs synchronized data from the strategy, order-management system and market feed.

Decision record

UTC timestamp, exact dated 6M contract, side, intended quantity, benchmark type and benchmark price.

Order record

Order type, limit or stop price, time in force, routing timestamps, modifications, cancels and rejects.

Fill record

Every partial fill, price, quantity, timestamp, weighted average and explicit fee.

Quote record

Bid, ask, displayed sizes and preferably multiple depth levels at decision, submission and fill.

State record

Scheduled event, market phase, holiday state, current/next contract and connection or feed health.

Clock record

Clock source, time zone, synchronization quality and any known latency between strategy, broker and market data.

Before the order

Market Quality Must Pass Declared Gates, Not a Vague “Looks Liquid” Test

Thresholds depend on the strategy, quantity and loss budget. The process below does not prescribe universal numbers; it requires the plan to set them before the opportunity appears.

Spread gateCurrent bid-ask width in 0.00001 ticksDepth gateUsable size through the worst acceptable priceCost gateEstimated all-in dollars versus planned risk
Freshness guard

Reject when quotes, timestamps, connection health or contract mapping are stale or ambiguous.

Event guard

Reject or switch to an event-specific plan when a scheduled release or policy decision falls inside the execution window.

Quantity guard

Reduce when planned size is large relative to displayed and historically replenishing depth within the price tolerance.

Volatility guard

Recalculate stop distance and cost stress when price changes faster than the plan's measurement interval.

Expiry guard

Check whether liquidity has migrated to another month and whether termination or a broker cutoff is approaching.

Loss-budget guard

Reject when expected execution cost consumes more of the trade budget than the written plan permits.

Order branch

Choose Which Risk to Accept: Price, Fill or Non-Fill

No order type removes execution risk. The choice changes which failure mode is more likely and must match the reason for entering or exiting.

Marketable order

Accepts: uncertain price within available liquidity. Use only when: immediate execution matters more than price control and worst-case depth passes. Reject when: spread or depth breaches tolerance.

Limit order

Accepts: partial fill or no fill. Use only when: price control matters and the strategy can tolerate missing the trade. Reject when: chasing would destroy the original decision benchmark.

Stop-triggered order

Accepts: gap and trigger risk. A stop-market prioritizes execution after trigger; a stop-limit adds price control but may not fill. Reject when: neither branch fits the loss or non-fill tolerance.

Exit urgency can change the branch.

A planned entry, a routine profit-taking exit and an emergency risk exit solve different problems. Document the order hierarchy and who may override it. “Never use market orders” and “always use market orders” are both incomplete rules.

When the book changes character

Four Conditions That Require a New Execution Decision

Scheduled information

Banxico, Federal Reserve and major economic releases can move the decision price before an order reaches the book. Use official calendars and a defined event buffer.

Unscheduled shock

Political, fiscal, trade or global-risk news can create fast cancellation and repricing. Historical average spread is not a usable live quote.

Roll migration

Displayed depth may move from the expiring month to a later contract. Compare both and record basis rather than forcing execution in a stale lead symbol.

Session edge

The daily break, reopen and holiday modifications can alter participation. Nearly 23-hour access does not establish constant executable quality.

These are plausible market-structure mechanisms, not reported findings about average 6M slippage. A strategy-specific study must define sample, contract construction, clocks, quote data, order assumptions and out-of-sample acceptance limits.

After the fill

Diagnose the Cost Without Rewriting the Decision Price

The benchmark is committed at decision time. Moving it after seeing the fill hides delay and selection effects. Review each leg, then aggregate by comparable states.

  1. Reconcile quantity

    Match intended, submitted, filled, cancelled and remaining quantities. Account for partial fills and unintended duplicate orders.

  2. Reconcile price

    Compute direction-correct shortfall against the original benchmark, weighted-average fill and exact $5 outright tick.

  3. Attribute cautiously

    Use synchronized depth and timestamps to separate spread, delay and impact only to the extent the data support.

  4. Compare states

    Tag event proximity, session, contract month, spread, depth, order type, size and data health. Do not average incompatible states into one comforting number.

Final execution card

Go, Reduce, Wait or Reject

The output is an operational state, not a prediction that the trade will make money.

Go

All gates pass

Data are fresh, exact contract is correct, spread and depth pass, event state is allowed, and stressed all-in cost fits the risk budget.

Reduce

Smaller size passes

Market quality supports fewer contracts than the original plan. Recalculate risk and fees; do not assume linear fills.

Wait

Temporary state fails

A spread spike, shallow depth, pending release or roll transition may resolve. Set a new observation condition instead of chasing.

Reject

Evidence or cost fails

Contract mapping, data integrity, loss tolerance or order behavior is unacceptable. Record the no-trade decision.

Sources, methods and editorial disclosure — reviewed August 13, 2026

Sources and contract inputs were reviewed August 13, 2026. The 30-tick path, 4-tick entry shortfall, 6-tick exit shortfall and $12 fee are hypothetical and exist only to demonstrate reconciliation. The page reports no original 6M slippage distribution, liquidity ranking, event estimate or profitability result. Market-quality thresholds must be defined and validated for the user's data, quantity and strategy.